Usage of English 21 (အဂၤလိပ္စာအသုံးအႏႈန္း ၂၁)

ဒီတစ္ခါေတာ့ Little ႏွင့္ Few အေၾကာင္းေလးေတြကုိ ေရးလုိက္ပါတယ္။ ခပ္ရႈပ္ရႈပ္ဘဲ။ မွားတဲ့ေနရာေတြ႔ရင္လဲ အႀကံေကာင္းဥာဏ္ေကာင္းေလးေတြ လိုခ်င္ပါတယ္။

အတူတူေလ့လာၾကည့္ၾကရေအာင္လား။

.........................

Little

****

small in size or amount (adjective) = ေသးငယ္ေသာ
A little old man came into the shop.

လူအုိကေလး ဆုိင္ထဲ ၀င္လာခဲ့တယ္။

He gave a little smile.

သူနဲနဲေလး ၿပဳံးျပတယ္။

a small amount (pronoun, noun)= အနည္းငယ္
I could only hear a little of what they were saying.

သူတုိ႔ေျပာေနတာကုိ နဲနဲဘဲ ငါၾကားရတယ္။

He does as little as possible at work.

သူ အလုပ္မွာ ျဖစ္ႏုိင္သေလာက္ နဲနဲဘဲလုပ္တယ္။

a small amount of something (determiner)= နဲနဲေလး
This sauce needs a little salt.

ဒီအခ်ဥ္ရည္ဟာ ဆားနဲနဲလုိတယ္။

Can I give you a little advice?

အႀကံနဲနဲေပးလုိ႔ရမလား။

slightly(adverb)= အနည္းငယ္ေလး
I was little bit worried by what she said.

သူမအေျပာက ငါ့ကုိ နဲနဲစုိးရိမ္စိတ္ျဖစ္ေစတယ္။

We'll wait a little longer and then I'll phone them.

ငါတုိ႔ နဲနဲၾကာၾကာေစာင့္ၾကမယ္။ ၿပီးရင္ သူတုိ႔ကုိ ငါ ဖုန္းဆက္မယ္။

young (adjective)= ငယ္ရြယ္ေသာ
When you were little your hair was really curly.

မင္း ငယ္ငယ္တုန္းက မင္းဆံပင္ဟာ တကယ့္ကုိ ေကာက္တယ္။

She was my little (= younger) sister and I looked after her.

သူမဟာ ငါ့ညီမဘဲ။ ၿပီးေတာ့ သူမကုိ ငါေစာင့္ေရွာက္ခဲ့တယ္။

not much or enough(determiner)= မလုံေလာက္
There seems little hope of a ceasefire.

အပစ္အခတ္ရပ္စဲဖုိ႔ကေတာ့ ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ခ်က္မရွိပါဘူး။

They have very little money.

သူတုိ႔ ေငြလုံလုံေလာက္ေလာက္ မရွိၾကဘူး။

not much or enough(pronoun, noun)= မလုံေလာက္
We did very little on sunday.

တနဂၤေႏြေန႔မွာ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ အလုပ္မလုပ္သေလာက္ပါဘဲ။

Unfortunately, little of the artist's work has survived.

ကံမေကာင္းစြာဘဲ အႏုပညာအလုပ္က (ပန္းခ်ီအလုပ္က) မရွင္သန္ေတာ့သေလာက္ျဖစ္ေနၿပီ။

The government has done little or nothing to help the poorest people in this country.

ဒီႏုိင္ငံအစုိးရက ဆင္းရဲသားျပည္သူေတြအတြက္ ဘာအကူအညီမွ မေပးဘူး။


not much or enough(adverb)= မလုံေလာက္

She ate very little at dinner.

သူမ ညေနစာကုိ စားတယ္ဆုိရုံဘဲ။

Little did he know what lay in store for him.

သူ႔အတြက္ ဘာေတြျဖစ္လာမလဲဆုိတာ သူမသိရွာဘူး။

used to emphasize (adjective) = ေလးနက္ေစလုိတဲ့အခါသုံး
That was a nice little suit she was wearing.

သူမ၀တ္ထားတာ အေတာ္ေကာင္းတဲ့ ၀တ္စုံေလးဘဲ။

He's a nasty little man.

သူဟာ လူဆုိးေလးဘဲ။

not very important or serious (adjective)= အေရးသိပ္မႀကီးေသာ
I had a little problem with my car, but it's been fixed now.

ငါ့ကားမွာ ျပႆနာနဲနဲရွိခဲ့တယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ အခု ျပင္ၿပီးပါၿပီ။

Can I have a little word with you?

က်ေနာ္ နဲနဲေျပာလုိ႔ ရမလားဘဲ။

Few

****

some, or a small number of something

(determiner, pronoun)= အခ်ိဳ ႔၊ အနည္းငယ္
I need to get a few things in town.

ၿမိဳ ႔ထဲမွာ လုိအပ္တဲ့ပစၥည္းအနည္းငယ္ ရွိတယ္။

There are a few cakes left over from the party.

ပါတီပြဲအၿပီး ကိတ္မုန္႔အခ်ိဳ ႔က်န္ရစ္တယ္။

"How many potatoes do you want?" "Oh, just a few, please."

အာလူး ဘယ္ေလာက္လုိခ်င္လဲ။ အုိ႔… နဲနဲဘဲ ေပးပါ။

'quite a few' or 'a good few' =အမ်ားအျပားကုိေဖာ္ျပခ်င္တဲ့အခါ
I know quite a few people who've had the same problem.

ျပႆနာတူတဲ့ လူေတြ အေတာ္မ်ားမ်ား က်ေနာ္ေတြ႔ဖူးတယ္။

Lots of people at the club are under twenty, but there are a good few who aren't.

ကလပ္အသင္းထဲက လူအမ်ားစုဟာ အသက္ ၂၀ ေအာက္ေတြျဖစ္ၾကတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ အသက္ ၂၀ ေအာက္မဟုတ္တဲ့ ေကာင္းတဲ့သူေတြလဲ ရွိေသးတယ္။

a small number, not many or not enough

(determiner, pronoun, noun, adjective)= အခ်ိဳ ႔၊ အမ်ားႀကီးမဟုတ္
It was embarrassing how few people attended the party.

ဒီေလာက္ လူနဲနဲေလးတက္တဲ့ ပါတီပြဲဟာ ရွက္စရာေကာင္းတယ္။

He is among the few people I can trust.

သူဟာ လူတစ္ခ်ိဳ ႔ထဲက ငါယုံၾကည္ႏုိင္တဲ့သူဘဲ။

Very few people can afford to pay those prices.

လူအနည္းငယ္ဘဲ ဒီတန္ဖုိးကုိ ေပးႏုိင္ၾကတယ္။

မွတ္ခ်က္။ ။

A little ႏွင့္ A few သည္ Positive သေဘာကုိ ေဆာင္သည္။

ူLittle ႏွင့္ Few သည္ Negative သေဘာကုိ ေဆာင္သည္။

Little, A little သည္ ေရတြက္မရ နာမ္ျဖစ္သည္။

Few, A few သည္ ေရတြက္ရ နာမ္ျဖစ္သည္။

သုိ႔ေသာ္ Little သည္ အငယ္ကုိ ရည္ရြယ္ရင္ ေရတြက္ရနာမ္ျဖစ္သြား၏။

ဥပမာ။ A little man = လူကေလး(ေသးေသးေလး) တစ္ေယာက္